WEBサイトレスポンスタイムを簡易計測する

先日Apacheの子プロセス数のチューニングを行ったため、性能試験を行いたくなりました。調べたところabコマンド(Apache Bench)が一番簡単そう。私の環境はMac OS Catalinaですが、なにもインストールすることなく使える状態でした。

使用方法

$ ab -n 300 -c 30 https://www.abc.com/

-nはリクエスト数　-cで同時接続数を指定します。

実際に試験してみた

このサイトを試験したところこんな感じ

$ ab -n 300 -c 30 https://karakunphoto.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking karakunphoto.com (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Finished 300 requests

Server Software:        nginx/1.17.9
Server Hostname:        karakunphoto.com
Server Port:            443
SSL/TLS Protocol:       TLSv1.2,ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384,2048,256
Server Temp Key:        ECDH X25519 253 bits
TLS Server Name:        karakunphoto.com

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        37446 bytes

Concurrency Level:      30
Time taken for tests:   41.501 seconds
Complete requests:      300
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      11323500 bytes
HTML transferred:       11233800 bytes
Requests per second:    7.23 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       4150.096 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       138.337 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          266.45 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
             min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:       31   52  37.2     41     186
Processing:   300 3887 701.6   4026    4455
Waiting:      282 3806 698.8   3944    4373
Total:        360 3939 679.0   4064    4495

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
 50%   4064
 66%   4134
 75%   4185
 80%   4251
 90%   4365
 95%   4395
 98%   4423
 99%   4474
100%   4495 (longest request)

多分遅いです。

なお、Apache2の子プロセス設定がデフォルトの場合は以下

$ ab -n 300 -c 30 https://karakunphoto.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking karakunphoto.com (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Finished 300 requests

Server Software:        nginx/1.17.9
Server Hostname:        karakunphoto.com
Server Port:            443
SSL/TLS Protocol:       TLSv1.2,ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384,2048,256
Server Temp Key:        ECDH X25519 253 bits
TLS Server Name:        karakunphoto.com

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        37446 bytes

Concurrency Level:      30
Time taken for tests:   59.233 seconds
Complete requests:      300
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      11323500 bytes
HTML transferred:       11233800 bytes
Requests per second:    5.06 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       5923.322 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       197.444 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          186.69 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
             min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:       29   69  45.6     49     187
Processing:  1087 5618 2437.7   4732   12437
Waiting:      948 5000 2385.6   3977   11695
Total:       1135 5687 2446.7   4773   12475

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
 50%   4773
 66%   5190
 75%   5741
 80%   6327
 90%  10319
 95%  10592
 98%  11891
 99%  11926

子プロセスが生成されて大量にページングが発生していたので、絞っている状態の方が速い結果となりました。

参考Apache設定

mpm_prefork.conf　（デフォルト設定）
 StartServers 5
 MinSpareServers 5
 MaxSpareServers 10
 MaxRequestWorkers 150
 MaxConnectionsPerChild 0

mpm_prefork.conf　（絞った後の設定）
 StartServers 5
 MinSpareServers 5
 MaxSpareServers 5
 MaxRequestWorkers 5
 MaxConnectionsPerChild 0